Most likely there are two hots and a neutral, but no ground. But I could be wrong. A ground buss/bar and a neutral bar inside a power panel look basically the same. If your panel has two, you have ground, if just one, it is only neutral. Neutral goes to the silver screw on your outlet, ground (if it is there) goes to the green screw. The black or red wire will go to your gold screw terminal on the two new outlets. The utility company only brings three wires to your home and grounding was added in my area after the early 1960's.
A neutral is typically energized when the circuit is used, a ground is an alternate pathway for electricity to flow in case there is a short, and is not typically energized when a circuit is used.
The type of outlet on your wall will tell you what flavor of 220v you have.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEMA_connectorIt is safe to use one wire for the 120 range, but not as safe as it can be without a ground wire for the secondary circuit if it is for the counter top. But the existing counter top might not be grounded anyway, so it would be no more dangerous than what you currently have. You can use both existing wires for the new hots and just run a new ground wire to protect the counter top circuit if the rest of your home is ungrounded as well (i.e. all the regular outlets in the home only have two slots instead of three). I did that initially in my bathroom and kitchen when I first purchased the house. Ground can be as simple as a bond to the copper water pipe coming into your home if it remains copper for at least 8' underground. I'm guessing you have a basement in snow country that goes deeper than the frost line.
If it is plastic or galvanized water pipe, they now prefer you install a copper rod into earth - the rods are 10' long and they want 8' underground. If you have soil, just drive in, if you have rock less than 8' under your home, it should be laid on it's side covered at least 2' under soil.
It is standard now to have GFI's in kitchens and bathrooms since they are close to sinks and tubs (i.e. water) and can create a hazard. Dropping an electric hairdryer in a tub full of water, or an appliance in a sink is an example.
Even if you have three prong regular outlets in your home, you may want to pop one off and look at it. If they only have two wires connected to the outlet and no bare or green wire off the bottom corner, someone may have swapped out all of the outlets to make it appear you have a grounded outlets when you really don't.
